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Heterocycle chemistry plays a critical role in the pharmaceutical industry. 80% of drugs on the market are heterocycle compounds, and almost 90% of the drug research are focusing on heterocycle compounds. Even my navigation bares are made from 5-membered ring heterocycles. You have to adjust your text default  to have best alignment between structures and text.

Indoles, Carbazoles, Benzofurans, Benzothiophenes , Piperidines, piperazines, morpholines , Imidazoles, Oxazoles, Thiazoles, Triazoles, Oxadiazoles, Thiadiazoles, Benzoimidazoles, Benzoxazoles, Benzothiazoles, Pyridine Quinoline Isoquinoline, Unique heterocycles

Classification and Nomenclature of Heterocycles

3-membered heterocycles

 

aziridine         oxirane                   thiirane                diaziridine           oxaziridine            dioxirane

4-membered heterocycles

 

azetidine         oxetane                thietane             diazetidine         oxazetidine          1,2-oxathietane

 

5-membered heterocycles

 

pyrrolidine  tetrahydrofuran  tetrahydrothiophene  oxazolidine           thiazolidine

 

1,3-dioiane 1,3-oxzthiolane 1,3-dithiolane  imidazolidine     pyrazolidine       silolane

 

pyrrole                   furan                     thiophene               phosphole

 

oxazole             isoxazole                  thiazole               isothiazole                imidazole             pyrazole

 

1,3,4-oxadiazole  1,2,4-oxadiazole     1,3,4-thiadiazole       1,2,4-thiadiazole         1,3,4-triazole          1,2,3-triazole

6-membered heterocycles

 

2H-pyran   tetrahydropyran      piperidine         1,4-dioxane        morpholine            piperazine

 

borinane          1,4-dithiane       thiomorpholine      pyridine            pyrazine                pyridazine

 

pyrimidine      1,2,3-triazine  1,2,4-triazine     1,3,5-triazine     1,2,3,4-tetrazine         pentazine

7-membered heterocycles

 

1H-azepine          oxepin               thiepin          1,4-diazepine       1,3-dioxepin      1,3-dithiepin

 

1H-1,3,5-triazepine 1,2-oxazepine  1,3-thiazepine  1,3,6-thiadiazepine   tetrazepine      1,2,4,7-thiatriazepine

8-membered heterocycles

 

azocine               2H-oxocin        2H-thiocin        1,2-diazocine  2H-1,4-oxazocine   1,3,4-triazocine

Benzo derivatives of 5-membered ring

 

indole                 benzofuran         benzothiophene        indolizine            isoindole                indoline

 

benzoxazole     benzisoxazole     benzthiazole             benzisothiazole     benzimidazole      1H-indazole

 

carbazole                  dibenzofuran           dibenzothiophene           fluorene

6-Membered ring exocyclic conjugation

 

quinoline           isoquinoline       quinolizinum        quinazoline       cinnoline          quinoxaline

 

phthalazine   1,5-naphthyridine    pteridine        9H-purine          adenine            guanine

 

acridine                         phenazine                   anthyridine                     phenanthroline      phenanthridine

 

phenothiazine                phenoxazine                       anthracene                    naphthyridine

Examples of Famous Heterocycle Compounds

                                           

                                

                                                       

                                  

                                                                 

 Aspirin (Bayer)                                             Penicillin (Pfizer)                                             MorphineHewter

Name reactions in heterocycle synthesis

 

Synthesis of Heterocycles - General methods of ring synthesis

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